Why I Need to Study Law Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why I Need to Study Law - Scholarship Essay Example Instruction was at one time a fundamental need gave by the legislature to its kin; it is given a huge segment of the national spending plan. In any case, in our ever-evolving world, the administration needs to pull back its help for advanced education and education costs must be expanded. We need to acknowledge the way that not every person in our general public is allowed to have the instruction they require and merit. I am fortunate to have enough training to be the sort of man I am currently. I had the option to complete a degree in Business and the chance to take my risk in taking up Law. The honors and encounters that I had during my prior years in school will be extremely useful in my future days at the college. Being an individual from the discussions group has instructed me to see and break down circumstances plainly. I needed to think fundamentally before coming to an end result and express my feelings in the most ideal manner I can. Difficulties are likewise part of my regular daily existence at school. To be a board of trustees individual from the English Language Society has provoked me to be acceptable at something I am not used to. However, the boldness to seek after something has become my weapon so as to win the fight. I turned into a decent speaker of the language and now I can impart and communicate better. Our reality presently is getting requesting. Furthermore, after some time, society’s needs and needs change and tend to duplicate (McConnell and Brue 2005, p.23). It currently requires more information and abilities for us to proceed with our reality.

Mass Number Definition and Examples

Mass Number Definition and Examples Mass number is anâ integer (entire number) equivalent to the entirety of the quantity of protons and neutrons of a nuclear core. As it were, it is the aggregate of the quantity of nucleons in a molecule. Mass number is regularly signified utilizing a capital letter A. Balance this with the nuclear number, which is just the quantity of protons. Electrons are avoided from the mass number on the grounds that their mass is such a great amount of littler than that of protons and neutrons that they dont truly influence the worth. Models 3717Cl has a mass number of 37. Its core contains 17 protons and 20 neutrons. The mass number of carbon-13 will be 13. At the point when a number is given after a component name, this is its isotope, which essentially expresses the mass number. To locate the quantity of neutrons in a molecule of the isotope, basically deduct the quantity of protons (nuclear number). In this way, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, since carbon has nuclear number 6. Mass Defect Mass number just gives a gauge of isotope mass in nuclear mass units (amu).The isotopic mass of carbon-12 is right on the grounds that the nuclear mass unit is characterized as 1/12 of the mass of this isotope. For different isotopes, mass is inside about 0.1 amu of the mass number. The explanation there is a distinction is a result of mass deformity, which happens in light of the fact that neutrons are marginally heavier than protons and on the grounds that the atomic restricting vitality isn't steady between cores.

Did you know COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Did you know COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog When the US Congress passed The Bipartisan Student Loan Certainty Act of 2013, it created a student loan interest rate tied to the 10-year Treasury note, to be adjusted annually. As you are aware, interest rates have been rising, and the US Department of Education recently announced that rates for academic periods beginning on or after July 1, 2014 will be as follows: Direct Unsubsidized Student Loans: 6.21% Graduate PLUS Loans: 7.21% These rates represent a 0.8% increase over the rates available between July 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014. If you intend to borrow and are enrolled in a program that includes a summer term, such as the PESP or PEPM programs, or continuing students in the EMPA program, the lower rates still apply so long as you complete all necessary application materials before July 1. These rates are fixed for the life of the loan, although we are encouraged by recent proposals in the Senate to allow for refinancing of student loans at lower interest rates. Also remember that the government deducts fees from these loans at the time of disbursement; rates set during Sequestration are now at 1.073% for the Unsubsidized Loan and 4.292% for the PLUS loan. If you have any questions about student loans, please contact the SIPA Financial Aid Office at  sipa_finaid@columbia.edu   or 212-854-6216. We hope you have an enjoyable and productive summer.

Literature Is Not Only What We Read, Reflecting On The

Literature is not only what we read, reflecting on the context in which it is written in. The role of value of judgement in the reading of literature is almost part of the world, involving systems of valuations between literary texts and authors. Value of judgement is between the rightness and wrongness of something or someone in context with the utility of importance. The value of judgement in the reading of literature is much more complicated, pointing out the literary text when explaining its evaluation (peer, 2008). When defining the value of judgement were estimating the subjective of the worth, quality, goodness or evil of something or someone, this includes literature readings. (Dictionary.com).†¦show more content†¦As said on page 143 ‘’value-judgements are founded on the study of literature; the study of literature can never be founded on the value-judgement’’ (Olsen pg.143). In the eighteenth century l iterature was known to do more than exemplify certain social principles, it was seen as the vital tool for the deeper entrenchment and wider distribution (Eagleton, 1983, pg15). When reading literature it’s not just a matter of the experiences being felt, nor is it the personal responses or the uniqueness of the imagination (Eagleton, 1983, pg.15-16). The value of judgement is a principle of discourse, throwing around critical assumptions about the written production of the literary text. The roles of value of judgement in the text literary criticism and philosophy by Leavis describes how literary criticism and philosophy come across distinct and show how they are a different form of discipline (Leavis, pg.212). The value-judgement is challenged in the way that some may see it as a false idea of the procedure. The ideal critic is the ideal reader when it comes down to judgement (Leavis, pg.212). Poetry is concrete, with the words inviting us to ‘think about’ then judge and ‘feel into’ to become, understanding the complexing involvement given by the words (Leavis, pg. 212-213). A critic penetrates the perception of the significance in relation to the judgement and the value (Leavis pg.213). Poetry is related to actuality, it’s written in relation to life. Leavis whoseShow MoreRelatedDystopian Societies And Progression Towards Equality Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems, which evolved his rise to power. Amid Hitler’s ascent to Fuhrer, he initiated several laws and social reforms, which had a profound impact on the German people and citizens in surrounding countries. By examining and reflecting on the different types of dystopian literature we have the capability to be proactive in educating people about dystopian societies and progression toward equality. As Chancellor of Germany, one of Hitler’s first decisions was to get the Enabling Act passed; this had aRead MoreThe Importance Of Selfishness In Literature1306 Words   |  6 Pagesothers, only caring for personal gain. Often, people are selfish due to a lack of empathy, misinformation, or a lack of information. The ability of literature to have us experience different worlds through different perspectives is fairly useful for combating this. In fact, literature can shock us about the idea of selfishness and give us pause and new insights into it, if not necessarily cause us to realize our own lack of selflessness and shock us out of it. Literature is able to influence what we believeRead MoreHuman Nature Vs. Moral Logic Essay1140 Words   |  5 Pagesselfish and think egocentrically. If they are lucky, they grow up to think abstractly, only to use those thoughts to outsmart another human. 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But Walden is so much more than the story of one man’s retreat into the woods to ‘transact some private business.’ Thoreau’s disarming directness and naturalistic style aside, Walden not an incidental text. WithRead MoreIgbo Culture : The Igbo People1643 Words   |  7 Pagesthe proverb says, When a man says yes, his Chi says yes also (Achebe 19). My Ideas: The Igbo people refer their Chis their own personal god. A man should trust his own gut and mind in the Igbo society and they know that his Chi will agree with what he do. This is also saying that men should be responsible for their actions because ofthe fact that their Chi will always agree with them and cannot change their mind. Cleanliness Quote: The Igbo people thought of cleaniness as godly saying,

Company Analysis - 2873 Words

Tyson Foods, Inc. Company Analysis Strategic Management Table of Contents Introduction Executive Summary Page 3-4 SWOT Analysis Strengths Page 5 Weaknesses Page 5-6 Opportunities Page 6-7 Threat Page 7 Matrices EFE Page 8-9 IFE Page 9-10 CFM Page 11-12 Graphs Page 13 Financial Statement Analysis Ratios Page 14 Graph Page 15 Analysis of Ratios Page 16 Worth of the Business Page 17 Conclusion Recommendations Page 18 Bibliography Annotations Page 19-21 Executive Summary This summary will reflect the development of a strategic analysis of Tyson Foods, Inc. and†¦show more content†¦5/markets-credit-idUSN1559101020071115 3) Not ensuring team member health and safety http://www.tysonfoods.com/Sustainability/2010/Our-Approach-To-Sustainability-Reporting/7_1.aspx 4) Unethical Behavior http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2011/February/11-crm-171.html 5) Labor Strikes http://www.scfl.org/?ulnid=193 Opportunities 1) Venturing into alternative fuel business http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/19420483/ns/business-going_green/t/tyson-foods-turn-animal-fat-fuel/ 2) Expanding Mexican markets http://ir.tyson.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=65476amp;p=irol-newsArticleamp;ID=1076487amp;highlight 3) Higher demand for organic products http://www.fapc.okstate.edu/files/factsheets/fapc153.pdf 4) International sales http://www.bloggingstocks.com/2010/02/10/with-tyson-foods-the-international-sales-opportunities-abound/ 5) Acquisition of smaller companies http://www.tyson.com/About-Tyson.aspx Threats 1) Shifts to vegetarianism http://www.yousigma.com/comparativeanalysis/tysonfoods.html 2) Laws and Regulations http://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2011/February/11-crm-171.html 3) Increasing commodity costs http://www.yousigma.com/comparativeanalysis/tysonfoods.html 4) Competition using strategic tactics http://www.dorsey.com/files/tbl_s21Publications%5CPDFUpload141%5C118%5C96.IBP%20v%20Tyson%20010630.pdf 5) Animal Diseases http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/counsel/smaltz/poultry.htmlShow MoreRelatedCompany A And Company Case Analysis1141 Words   |  5 PagesCompany A and company B are two completely different companies and now they are merging together. 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Civil Disobedience By Thoreau Free Essays

Philosophers, historians, authors, and politicians have spent centuries pondering the relationship between citizens and their government. It is a question that has as many considerations as there are forms of government and it is rarely answered satisfactorily. A relatively modern theorist, author Henry Thoreau, introduced an idea of man as an individual, rather than a subject, by thoroughly describing the way a citizen should live many of his works. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Disobedience By Thoreau or any similar topic only for you Order Now He indirectly supplements the arguments he presents in his essay Civil Disobedience through a comprehensive selection of adages found in his other works. In articular, the phrases  «A simple and independent mind does not toil at the bidding of any prince » and  «To be awake is to be alive. I have never met a man who is quite awake » support many of the arguments in Civil Disobedience because they help to explicate the complex ideas Thoreau presents. The phrase  «A simple and independent mind does not toil at the bidding of any prince » regards the responsibilities of a man to his own consciousnessit is a duty that can not be revoked by any form of tyrant. Rather than hinting at a type of anarchy, this statement merely describes each mans duty to performing justice in all his actions. This does not refer to any  «mans duty to devote himself to the eradication of any, even the most enormous wrong; he may still properly have other concerns to engage him; but it is his duty, at least, to wash his hands of it, and, if he gives it no thought longer, not to give it practically his support » (681). The term  «simple » does not refer to an underdeveloped sense of morality; it describes a state of mind in which the concept of justice is so defined that contradictions cannot exist. To toil, as it is presented in this quotation, means to sacrifice ideals for the sake of conformity or law. The only real power the State holds over any individual is the promise of brute force; it  «never intentionally confronts a mans sense, intellectual or moral, but only his body, his senses » (687). Therefore, many acts the State requires will be unjustthey can and will force a man to slave for the sake of an ordeal he does not believe in. As Thoreau notes in Civil Disobedience,  «a wise man will only be useful as a man » (678). In essence, Thoreau believes that a man who toils at any ruling institutions bidding simply because it bid him to do so sacrifices his own facilities as a human being. He then becomes nothing more than a man put  «on a level with wood and earth and stones Command[ing] no more respect than men of straw, or a lump of dirt » (678). Another quotation that helps to explicate Thoreaus Civil Disobedience is  «To be awake is to be alive. I have never yet met a man who was quite awake. In this phrase, Thoreau uses the term  «awake » as an euphemism for being fully aware of ones concept of right and fully in control of ones moral and physical existence. Understandably, people who are consistently awake, in this sense of the word, are hard to find:  «There are ine hundred and ninety-nine patrons of virtue to one virtuous man » (680). Also, the fact that Thoreau has  «never met a man who was quite awake » implies that fully conscious individuals have difficulty existing in modern society. In fact, Thoreau believes that  «no man with a genius for legislation has appeared in America. They are rare in the history of the world » (692). Perhaps, by the word  «awake, » and its equation with  «alive, » Thoreau is also referring to the ability to fulfill his own mission:  «I came into this world, not chiefly to make this a good place to live in, but to live in it, be it good or bad » (683). Although this concept is not a particularly unique one, it is nearly impossible to fulfill completelybut to fulfill it partially is useless. As a living being, one must  «cast your whole vote, not a strip of paper merely, but your whole influence » (684). To truly be alive, one must be consciously satisfied with every passing moment. Through his conscientious support of every facet of his philosophy, Thoreau effectively proves his statements regarding citizenship and government. He remains consistent to nearly every idea he presents and therefore surrounds them with a seriousness that cannot be ignored. How to cite Civil Disobedience By Thoreau, Essay examples

Kosier1 Essays - Midwifery, Sexual Health, Prevention Of HIVAIDS

Kosier1 Love = Death What happens when two people fall in love? We may think of love as a sweet heart throbbing fairy tail situation, but in reality, unexpected dreadful circumstances often occur. As a couple falls helplessly in love, they become sexually active. Because of this intimate, uncontrollable love, a couple, with extremely high endodorphine levels may make a poor choice about contraceptives. This poor choice may result in a STD or even the life-concluding virus, HIV/AIDS. In this situation the couple develops mixed emotions which may cause a painful breakup leading to depression, which is the number one cause of suicide. "Being in love is a sense of excitement, of heightened emotion, heightened senses, of being in the unknown, of abduction, of not being in control of yourself...its like an excuse, ?I don't now what I'm doing. I'm in love'"(Gochros and Ricketts 27). Every day, people all over the world experience this intense description of love. Dr. JM Morris explains this in profound detail. "The first step to falling in love is imprinting. Imprinting is finding a specific physical trait that attracts you to a certain person. Then there is a subliminal attraction, which is a personal quality, such as a person's laugh. Next is the hypotaemic stage. When experiencing this stage, a person becomes nervous and develops sweaty Kosier 2 palms when their affection is close to them. Then chemical anvetamines in your brain such as dopamine, norepine, and phenye ethyeamine react, causing a natural drug rush." Now that the couple has fallen in love, certain addictions and attachments occur. Dr. Morris continues, "The brain chemical, oxytocin, otherwise known as the ?cuddle chemical' promotes a realxed satisfying attraction and strong bonds due to endodorphine levels occur urging the couple to make love. Through this addiction, the brains actually begin to grow together." So now the endodrophine level is at its peak and if is the perfect time and place for the couple to have sex, but there is only one problem, they have no form of contraception. The couple, so in love and naturally drugged on endodorphine, can not resist their feelings and proceed by engaging in unprotected sex. The use of contraceptives have become vital when considering that unprotected intercourse is likely to result in pregnancy and more importantly, it carries a high risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease (Contraception: choosing). There are presently many forms of contraception available to fit a persons cost, comfort and preference. When making this crucial choice, it is important to consider all your options. There are types of contraceptives, which are excellent for preventing pregnancy, but have absolutely no effectiveness against STD's. Kosier 3 The Combined pill, mini-pill, Depo-Provera, Norplant, IUD, and morning after pill are all in this category (Roland 6). Contraceptives, which prevent pregnancy and STD's, include the male and female condom, spermicides and diaphragms. The male condom is the most common use of contraception for males. It is a protective covering made of latex, polyurethane and it fits over the penis. The condom keeps the semen from entering to vagina(Kronenfeld, Whicker 43). The female condom is not as common and is bulky and difficult to insert and the cost is high. It is a polyurethane sheath that lines the entire vagina and partially covers the external genitals(Birth Control 2). Spermicides are another over the counter contraceptive. These products area type of spermicidle jelly or foam in the form of a capsule inserted into the vagina before intercourse. There are no serious side effects but it may be messy. The woman can also use a diaphragm or cervical cap. This is flexible rubber barrier used w ith spermicidal cream or jelly. It is inserted before intercourse and blocks and kills sperm moving toward the uterus (Emergency Contraceptives 2). All of these contraceptives are effective in stopping pregnancy and STD's but the only thing that can completely prevent sexual mistakes is abstinence. If a couple decides not to use any of these methods of contraception they are at a high risk for sexually transmitted diseases and even HIV/AIDS. Present day, more than fifty organisms and syndromes Kosier 4 are now recognized as sexually transmitted. These diseases can lead to serious health problems, and when untreated, can lead to major

How to Make Crystal Clear Ice Cubes

How to Make Crystal Clear Ice Cubes While you are making glow in the dark ice, why not make some clear ice? There is a trick to making clear ice cubes, but it isnt complicated and doesnt require an expensive restaurant ice machine. You need pure water and you need to control how it cools. The ice maker in a typical home freezer has a water filter, but usually produces opaque ice. This is because the water doesnt cool at the right rate to produce clear ice or else there is a lot of air in the water. Clear ice is easily made using bottled water that had been purified using reverse osmosis  or  distillation, but you can make clear ice from tap water. To do this, boil the water to remove most of the dissolved air. Ideally you want to boil the water, let it cool, then reboil again. But, you should be able to get good results just boiling the water once. Let the water cool slightly to minimize the risk of getting burned and then pour it into an ice cube tray and put it in the freezer. So,  you can make clear ice by boiling and freezing filtered water, but the cooling rate is also important. If the ice freezes too slowly the result is milky on the bottom and clear on top. Unfortunately, you dont have a lot of control over the freezers cooling rate. You can play with the starting temperature of the water until you get the results you desire. What can you do with clear ice? One thing you can do is to use it as a magnifying glass. In a pinch, you can use an ice lens to start a fire. Also, unless you like the taste of quinine, clear ice tastes a lot better in drinks than glowing ice.

The Guide of Successful Essay Leadership Writing Great Writing Inspires

The Guide of Successful Essay Leadership Writing Great Writing Inspires The Guide of Successful Essay Leadership Writing: Great Writing Inspires Recently, leadership has sparked off numerous debates among researchers. As such, it is the subject of most extensive researches and literature reviews. For example, in Harvard Business Review the study by David Rooke and William R. Torbert concludes that there are seven leadership transformations due to   a number of personal changes and external interventions. It is very common for students to be asked to write leadership essays even if they are not pursuing a course in leadership. The subject of leadership cuts across different scholarly disciplines, either Psychology, Management or Sociology. The following guide will help you write a compelling essay on leadership. 1.   Identify Your Area of Focus In most cases, an essay on leadership may require your personal reflection on what leadership is. In some instances, you may be asked to demonstrate how you exhibit leadership traits. In other cases, you may be given a scenario and asked to be in shoes of a leader and demonstrate leadership styles needed for that situation. Once you have instructions, you need to identify your area of focus. This will ensure that you remain within the scope of a write-up. 2.   Have a Strong Introduction The introduction gives you an opportunity to wow your readers. This part is aimed at grabbing their attention. However, it can also be the point where you lose them because they lose interest in reading the rest of a leadership essay. A strong introduction acts as a steering point. If you are doing a review, you can choose a memorable quote and incorporate it in the introduction section. 3.   Have a Concise Thesis Statement A thesis statement needs to be brief and clear. Try to confine your ideas to not more than two sentences. The statement is what sums up the argument you should make in the essay. The thesis statement should also have a punch. In most cases, tutors will look at the thesis statement when deciding how to grade your paper. 4.   Provide Rich Content in the Body The body of the content should be rich and comprehensive. Students make the mistake of giving shallow statements without supporting their information. Inasmuch as you are supposed to give your views, ensure that you have research to back it up. Read the article by David G. Jensenon at Science on different leadership styles to cement your views. You can also cite contrary views to your argument. The reader should follow your line of thoughts and see how you reasonably come to a conclusion. The body should have several paragraphs of a content. These paragraphs must have a clear flow of thoughts connected with suitable transition words like ‘Firstly’, ‘Secondly’, ‘Thirdly’. It is important to have a rough draft before you begin to write the final leadership essay. 5.   Follow Essay Writing Instructions and Guidelines Tutors award high marks for following all instructions and working within the guidelines provided. Many students rush to finish an essay or research paper forgetting to carefully look through its instructions. Once your paper is complete, double-check the instructions given by your tutor. Look out for which referencing style is required, either APA, MLA or Chicago. It is also important to ensure that your paper is free of grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes. The guideline above serves as a blueprint to help you write an essay on leadership that is supposed to lead you to success. Do so in such a way as to inspire the other people by your writing. If you are at a loss what to do in a particular essay, feel free to address our custom essay writing service with academic professionals. Just rely on their quick help in writing, proofreading and editing.

Discuss the key features of effective corporate decision making and Essay

Discuss the key features of effective corporate decision making and assess how well these are being applied in an organisation y - Essay Example ...................................... 5 Learning from mistakes................................................................................. 6 Cultural sensitivity........................................................................................ 7 Conclusion................................................................................................................ 9 References................................................................................................................ 10 Executive Summary Effective decision-making is based on several qualities. These qualities include: innovativeness, diversification, learning from mistakes, and cultural sensitivity. Innovativeness is based on the ability to come up with new products and to market these products successfully. Diversification is based on the ability of the company to market different products and not be concentrated on only one or a few products. Learning from mistakes is about making the adjustments a fter issues in application and decision making have been seen. Cultural sensitivity, on the other hand, is about considering the culture of the corporation and making decisions based on such culture. In relation to Apple Corporation, they were able to meet these elements when they established various innovations and were able to establish a diverse market. They also learned from their mistakes throughout the years and re-employed Steve Jobs to reinvigorate the company. As a result, they have risen among the ranks of the most profitable and powerful corporations in the world. Corporate Decision-making Introduction Successful and effective corporations have distinct qualities and decision-making processes which often help them occupy such positions of success. These features are often distinctive to each corporation, based on their goals, activities, marketing, as well as the qualities of their consumers. This essay shall evaluate literature in order to establish the key features of e ffective corporate decision-making and assess how well these are being applied in an organization I know well. It will first present several studies and literature on effective practices of corporations in their decision-making activities. It will then discuss the application of such practices to Apple Corporation. Lastly, a summary and conclusion will evaluate the different elements being discussed in this paper on corporate decision-making. This essay is being carried out in order to establish a clear and well supported assessment of corporate decision-making, including the qualities which make for successful practice. Body Innovativeness In the current age of high stakes competition among businesses, various strategies and features are apparent for corporations seeking and keeping success. One of the qualities seen among these successful corporations is that they are major innovators (Morris, Kuratko and Covin, 2010). Successful corporations are distinctly set apart because of th e innovations they seem to constantly introduce into the market. In a paper by Uotila et al. (2009), they discuss that in order for corporations to be successful, they need to balance exploration and exploitation activities. In effect, as they explore and establish various innovations, they also need to temper their impact on society and on the environment. Their power to introduce new products and to explore new activities is at the very forefront of their success, and their ability to minimize their impact on the environment and on society is also a required

The regulatory policies for higher education in Mauritius and its Research Proposal

The regulatory policies for higher education in Mauritius and its contibution to the making of a knowledge hub. a comparative st - Research Proposal Example Mauritius is no longer just a country in the Pacific since they have adapted to the internalization of education followed by the opening of the local economy to the international market. It all began with the country’s involvement of the internationalization of education which â€Å"has forced Mauritius to adopt an economic rationale of creating higher education institution...– to foster economic and social development† (Ogachi, 2008). The dream of becoming a knowledge hub stems from the Tertiary Education Commission’s (TEC) Strategic Plan for 2007-2011. The plan concentrates on meeting the demands of globalisation and â€Å"rapid technological progress† (TEC, 2007, p.1). In order to fully realize this plan, it is â€Å"necessary to increase...expenditure for tertiary education and Research & Development† (Ministry of Education, n.d., p. iv). Aligned with the TEC’s action plan, the Mauritius government has used strategies to attract fo reign students to study in their country. As stated in the policy context, the strategy is to create a conducive learning environment so as to raise enrollment from roughly 7% to 30% (SAURA, 2008).

The Importance Of E Commerce In Globalization

The Importance Of E Commerce In Globalization In the new era of Globalization, new opportunities for countries economic growth are knocking the doors, the new trends of market open the way for new countries to emerge and enhance their economies, for the common Ultimate goal of better well being. Kazakhstan, as the one of participant of global processes of development of e-commerce, aspires to occupy the appropriate place in this market. The analysis of information‘s application and communication technologies was carried out by the programs-the Real Monitoring of the Kazakhstan Internet and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Readiness for an Information Society by the Actis Systems Asia in Kazakhstan in 2001. The results of the analysis have shown the following representations about the Kazakhstan users of the Internet. The audience of the Internet in Kazakhstan is submitted in the basic experts in the given sphere, businessmen and students. There are nearly two millions of the men of the adult population living in the large cities. Thus one million, men receives information from the Internet independently or through the intermediaries. Also researches on the users of the Internet on a level of the incomes have shown that the Internet is visited by the persons both with high and low level of income. 2.1 Importance of E-commerce In fact, e-commerce come to be one of the catalysts that can promote the way for better trading and better economy, Mahesh and Vishnu (2005) discuss how E-commerce has a tremendous growth potential and also generates economic growth in the country. Furthermore â€Å"E-commerce promises better business for SMEs and sustainable economic development for developing countries.† (Ruth, 2003) In addition, at the beginning of 2000, Benbasat, Ives and Piccoli conducted a survey of the IS World Community on the â€Å"Electronic Commerce Top Research Questions†. The result of that survey indicates e-commerce success as one of the important electronic commerce research issues. And the measurement of E-commerce success is one of the research questions which are identified in that survey. Alemayehu (2001) Therefore, while implementing e-commerce, we have to measure of E-commerce success to understand where we are now and which factors are more crucial for better implementing. 2.2 Defining and measuring E-commerce â€Å"Electronic commerce or e-commerce refers to a wide range of online business activities for products and services.† (Anita, 2000) â€Å"E-commerce is usually associated with buying and selling over the Internet, or conducting any transaction involving the transfer of ownership or rights to use goods or services through computer- mediated work.† (Thomas, 2000) â€Å"E-commerce is the use of electronic communications and digital information processing technology in business transactions to create, to transform, and to redefine relationships for value creation between or among organizations, and between organizations and individuals†. (Lallana et al, 2000) Moreover definition of e-commerce is adopted describing internet commerce as â€Å"the sharing of business information, maintaining business relationships and conducting business transactions by means of Internet- based technology.† (Zwasse, 1996) â€Å"The E-commerce improves communication channels a nd provides a virtual interactive environment where the suppliers and customers can exchange information and products.† (Gunasekaran and Ngai, 2005) Also Evans and Wurster (1997) â€Å"acknowledge that e-commerce allows both customers and suppliers to reduce the transactions costs significantly and enables information to reach more people without sacrificing the richness of the content.† 2.3 E-commerce perspectives â€Å"Electronic commerce and its related activities over the internet can be the engines that improve domestic economic well-being through liberalization of domestic services, more rapid integration into globalization of production, and leap-fogging of available technology. Electronic commerce integrates the domestic and global markets from its very inception.† (Catherine L. Mann, 2000) E-commerce often through to refer to the buying and selling of goods through the internet only. However, E-commerce involves much more than electronically mediated financial transactions between organization and customer Chaffey (2002). Table.1 presents range of perspectives regarding what is considered as E-commerce. Table.1 Range of perspectives regarding what is considered as â€Å"E-commerce† (Source from: Kalakota and Winston, 1996) Figure.1 The main objectives usage of the internet in Republic Kazakhstan Source from: Agency on Statistics of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Available from www.stat.kz As mentioned before by Chaffey (2002) we can see from the Figure.1 presents range of perspectives regarding what is considered as E-commerce. 2.4 Current situation of E-commerce in Kazakhstan and Korea 2.4.1 Korea â€Å"Korea was an independent kingdom under Chinese suzerainty for most of the past millennium. Following its victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan occupied Korea; five years later it formally annexed the entire peninsula. After World War II, a republic was set up in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula while a communist style government was installed in the north. During the Korean War (1950-1953), US and other UN forces intervened to defend South Korea from North Korean attacks supported by the Chinese. An armistice was signed in 1953, splitting the peninsula along a demilitarized zone at about 38th parallel. Thereafter, South Korea achieved rapid economic growth with per capita income rising to roughly 14 times the level of North Korea.† (Internet World Stats, 2010 Available from: http://www.internetworldstats.com/asia/kr.htm). In Table.3 Internet Usage Statistics is 34,820,000 Internet users as of Sept/08, 70% of the population, according to NIDA. Latest population Estimate: 49,232,844 populations for 2008, according to US Census Bureau. Gross National Income: GNI Per capita is (ppp) US$ 17, 690 (‘06) according to World Bank. Country Area: 99,268 sq.km. Population density is 510 persons per sq.km. 2.4.3 Internet Usage Status According to the 2008 survey by Korean Communications Commission and National Internet Development Agency, Koreas Internet users spend an average of 13, 7 hours per week, in which 69.2% more than half are using the Internet for an average of more than 7 hours per week. 98.5% of the places for using the Internet is surveyed as â€Å"home†, followed by 39,4% at office, 18.7% at no certain places (including wireless access), 13.9% at facility for public access (Internet cafes and game clubs) and 17.1% at â€Å"school† (Figure.1, Table.3) 2.4.4 E-commerce in Korea E-commerce represents online business transactions performed electronically by business subjects utilizing information and communication technology and the Internet. It also represents the related activities of business subjects to fulfill such transactions. Major business subjects can be categorized as individuals, corporations, and governments. The idiom e-commerce is comparable to E-business equally used interchangeably in the field. E-commerce may be regarded as a rather limited term, focusing on the transaction itself as a means of interchanging goods or services. In contrast, e-business includes rather broadly the activity of building IT infrastructure and the application of information technology to business. E-commerce standardization is the process of eliciting related standards from e-commerce industry members. The roadmap for e-commerce standardization is defined as providing guidelines or directions for e-commerce standardization. The intention is to present guidelines for developing e-commerce technologies to e-commerce related parties, such as private corporations, and to convey proper instructions for driving e-commerce standardization systematically and efficiently. To accomplish such objectives, the roadmap should contain the following materials: Outline of e-commerce, e-commerce standards, and standardization; Classification of e-commerce technology; Core elements of e-commerce technology for standardization; Status analysis of core technologies; Selection and timetable of to-be-standardized technology items; Information to project from any previous or future roadmaps The Roadmap project is comprised of three phases, from 2001 to 2003: Phase I: Standards status analysis, overall standards implementation timetable, and 2001 timetable for selected time-sensitive priority standards. Phase II: Status analysis of Phase I results, analysis, and classification of e-commerce technology, selection of individual standard items within each category, and overall 2002 standardization timetables, all taken in strategic approach to e-commerce framework standards. Phase III: Combination of the artifacts of Phase I and Phase II and consideration of changes necessary to produce a final comprehensive version of an e-commerce standards roadmap as a national guideline. The e-business environment changes rapidly and continuously. Although the Forum finished the initial three-phase project and produced a final version, it continues to update the contents of the version on a yearly basis (Jakobs, 2005) à Ã‚ ¢Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ Ã‚ »Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒâ€˜Ã†â€™ à Ã‚ ¼Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ¶Ãƒ Ã‚ ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾ à Ã‚ ´Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ Ã‚ °Ãƒ Ã‚ ²Ãƒ Ã‚ ¸Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ€˜Ã…’ à Ã‚ ¿Ãƒâ€˜Ã¢â€š ¬Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾ à Ã‚ ²Ãƒ Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ Ã‚ »Ãƒâ€˜Ã… ½Ãƒ Ã‚ ¼ 2.4.4.1 The volume of E-commerce by type The volume of e-Commerce in Korea reached KRW 516.514 trillion in 2007, which was an increase of KRW 102.930 trillion (24.9%) from 2006. The volume and proportion of each transaction type shows that B2B accounts for 89.9% of the entire businesses with KRW 464.456 trillion, while B2G takes 7.1% with KRW 36.801 trillion. B2C takes 2.0% with KRW 10.226 trillion, and C2C takes 1.0% with KRW 5.032 trillion. Compared to 2006, the transaction volumes have all increased: B2B by 26.8%, B2G by 6.9% and B2C by 12.0% and C2C by 31.5%. B2B: The total B2B e-Commerce transaction volume in 2007 reached KRW 464.456 trillion, which increased 26.8% (KRW 98.264 trillion) from KRW 366.191 trillion in 2006. Of the B2B transactions, buyer-led transactions increased by 21.9% to KRW 321.058 trillion and seller-led transactions increased by 38.3% to KRW 119.246 trillion. Broker-led transactions also increased by 45.2% to KRW 24.152 trillion. The proportions of seller-led and broker-led transactions both increased by 2.2%p and 0.7%p to 25.7% and 5.2% respectively. However, buyer-led transaction showed a decrease by 2.8%p to 69.1% from 71.9% of the previous year. B2G: The 2007 B2G e-Commerce volume of government bodies such as central administrative organizations, local governments, and offices of education accounted for KRW 36.801 trillion, which increased 6.9% from KRW 34.435 trillion in the previous year. Of this amount, the construction contract volume has increased 14.4% (KRW 2.166 trillion), and the purchase volume of goods and services has increased 1.0% (KRW 200 billion) from 2006. B2C/C2C: The B2C e-Commerce transaction in 2007 reached KRW 10.226 trillion after increasing 12.0% from 2006, and the C2C transaction increased 31.5% to KRW 5.318 trillion. The transaction volume through online shopping malls in 2007 has increased by 17.1% (KRW 2.306 trillion) from KRW 13.460 trillion in 2006 to KRW 15.766 trillion. Of this amount, B2C transaction takes the largest portion with 64.9% (KRW 10.226 trillion), 68 followed by C2C 31.9% (KRW 5.032 trillion) and B2B 3.2% (KRW 508 billion) (Informatization White Paper, 2008: 33-35) Informatization White Paper (2008). 2.5 Kazakhstan â€Å"The current independent state of Kazakhstan declared in 1991.It has population of 15. 4 million people with a land mass of 2.7 million square kilometers. The GNI per capita was 1860 Euro in 2005, according to the World Bank. Kazakhstan is the constitutional republic with a President and bicameral legislature. The country consists of 14 provinces and 3 municipal districts.† (McNamee, 2006) According to independent research company ICT-Marketing (2010) held its annual study of internet audience in Kazakhstan. The results shown that for 2009 number of internet users were 3.16 million people, or 19.8 % of population. Furthermore 80% of internet users are using ADSL connection. As it stated by ESCAP: â€Å"In 2000, there were first Kazakhstan online shops. The online shops conduct the retail trade in consumer goods. Their quantity is increased with each month. Priority task is the connection of Kazakhstan to the international system of e-trade. Through this system, it is possible to unit interests of the clients (consumers of the goods and services) and trade organizations of the various countries. Now there are following systems of information interaction between the subjects of economic activity: Inter firm business-to-business, intercompany, consumer business-to-consumer, governmental government-to-citizens, tender business-to-government, and auction consumer-to-consumer.† (Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the pacific, 2002) 2.5.1 ICT Infrastructure The low Internet penetration rate is mainly due to the lack of competition and of modern equipment in the telecommunications sector. In order to continue the promising growth in terms of Internet access, the government has run a program for the development of the telecommunications sector in 2005. The program includes a phased liberalization of telecommunications market to achieve a competitive environment by allowing new operators to enter the market. In addition the telecommunications infrastructure is being modernized by using state-of-the-art technologies such as fiber-optic cables. In implementing the program for development of the telecommunications sector, accessibility to the Internet will be improved especially in remote areas. At the same time, increased bandwidth and affordable rates for Internet access will contribute to improve the quality and increasing the use of the Internet in the business sector as well as in private households. 2.6 E-commerce in Kazakhstan 2.6.1 Current situation â€Å"Kazakhstan, as the participant of global processes of development of e-commerce, aspires to occupy the appropriate place in this market. The country has favorable geographical location for transit of flows of materials, power, human and information between Europe and Asia. It is the basis for successful development of e-commerce in Kazakhstan. Another basis for development of e-commerce is desire to improve the informational telecommunication network.† (Economic and social commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2002) â€Å"Today in Kazakhstan, there is a sufficient quantity of the companies applying for a rank à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the supplier of the decisions of e-business. These companies offer various packages of the decisions for development of own business in online.† (Economic and social commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2002) According to independent research company ICT-Marketing (2010) held its annual study of internet audience in Kazakhstan. The results shown that for 2009 number of internet users were 3, 16 million people, or 19, 8 % of population. Furthermore 80% of internet users are using ADSL connection. 2.6.2 Existing issues in Kazakhstan â€Å"The basic reasons of the slowed down rate of development of e-commerce in Kazakhstan are: insufficient quantity of the participants of e-trade, absence of the laws, which adjust the relation to the participants of e-commerce, safety problem for the information, which is transferred through the Internet, insufficient protection of the rights of the consumers in the purchase of the goods and services in the Internet.† (Electronic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, 2002) In addition from 2003 year E-commerce Center has been worked on Kazakhstan market. The reason for creating the company was the government regulation of Republic of Kazakhstan of December 13, 2003 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾- 1262 About some issues of Public Procurement Agency of Republic of Kazakhstan, as a result Republican State Public Enterprise E-commerce Center of Financial Control and Public Procurement of Ministry of Finance of Republic of Kazakhstan was created. In 2007 E-commerce center joined the National Scientific and Technological Holding Samgau as a subsidiary company and was reorganized into Ltd E-commerce Center. Nowadays, successful business is looking for new ways of development, and to attract customers and partners worldwide. Internet and commerce have become an integral part of each other, creating the concept of e-commerce. The main activities Ltd. E-Commerce Center are: Development, implementation and support of software and information systems in public procurement; Maintenan ce of the information system of electronic public procurement; Training of staff of organizations participants in the process of public procurement, including training in the system of electronic public procurement; Organizing seminars, conferences in the field of public procurement; Participate in the development of legal and regulatory framework for electronic public procurement; Technical and system services for computer and communications equipment in the field of electronic public procurement; Research in the field of electronic commerce. (E-commerce center, 2010) Source: (http://www.ecc.kz/). 2.6.3 How the market of Kazakhstan is ready to move to e-commerce? The market of Kazakhstan is ready to move to electronic commerce. The state, creating electronic trading platforms and commodity exchanges, in particular, stimulates the development of trade, creating a meeting place for the subjects of trading activity without having to special requirements. The main objective the conclusion of an increasing number of sales transactions. In doing so, the legal regulation on trading floors and commodity exchanges, carried out the internal rules and regulations outside the state financial control and oversight. The establishment in the past year, a portal of electronic public procurement www.goszakup.kz, helped make the first step the transition of Kazakhstan to the electronic trading and commerce at the state level. To provide opportunities for all wishing to make commercial transactions in electronic form, must first establish an adequate world class development and effective in our countrys laws. First steps in this direction have already been taken. However, to date there are still problems associated with not resolving the legislation in the field of electronic digital signature, the problem of the introduction of electronic money and the lack of literacy in information technology. Should be established and effective infrastructure for transactions and contracts in electronic form. And from a practical point of view, a crucial component of the infrastructure of e-procurement systems or electronic trading today is a public procurement portal. We must also remember that the development of electronic commerce to further exacerbating the problem of privacy, as well as the use info comm. technology has greatly facilitated the free collection of personal data and their synthesis of a variety of sources available in electronic networks. E-commerce, including public procurement, operating information, which is commonly called  «private nature of information ». And this is a very fine place in a legal provision where the availability of standards to ensure the fundamental rights and freedoms of citizens, is the general atmosphere of mutual trust and respect, and, ultimately, the success or failure of development of the entire e-commerce. It should be noted that the concept of public procurement is not smooth and fast. Nevertheless, a number of recently issued regulations on electronic commerce and government procurement systems show a high degree of interest on the part of the state and society to the problem. Conduct of electronic procurement is considered one of the basic public services and is one indicator of progress towards the electronic state. To date, Kazakhstan set up e-government portal. Continues to develop electronic public procurement portal, are becoming more and more use of electronic shops. In any future purchases from government procurement, and ending with the usual purchase of goods and services to citizens, it will be possible to implement in electronic form (www.profit.kz). In Table.6 shown about ICT infrastructure in Republic of Korea and Kazakhstan, which was reviewed before. ICT Infrastructure Korea Kazakhstan Internet Usage: 37,475,800 Internet Users, 77.3% of the population Internet: 12.2million subscribers, 77% of total Households. Access is spreading quickly Doubled their exports of telecommunication equipment between 2000- 2003 A penetration rate of 65.7% In 2003 the Republic of Korea had 26.7 million Pcs High percentages of Internet access by enterprises (94%) Largest proportions of online purchases, of businesses with Internet (45.5%) Enterprises use an intranet (35.2%) Mobile phones: 36.58 million, 76% of population Innovativeness in products and services in South Korea (18th) Internet Usage: 3,160,000 Internet Users, 19.8% of the population Internet penetration rate 8.5% E-Readiness (3.2- 2007 out of 10) 80% of Internet access using ADSL with connection speed starting from 128 to 1024 Kbps High mobile phone penetration growth between 2003 and 2004 Internet access prizes starts from Megaline Start- 1930 Tenge (13$ USD per month, speed 256-1024 Kbps) Megaline Turbo Plus- 5 845 Tenge (40 $ USD per month, speed 1GB-8GB Kbps) Table.6ICT infrastructure in Republic of Korea and Kazakhstan 2.7 Different model of assessing e-commerce 2.7.1 DeLone and McLean Model DeLone and McLean Model of Information System Success (1992), IS Success (2003), Measuring e-commerce Success (2004) In order to provide a general and comprehensive definition of IS success that covers different perspectives of evaluating information systems, DeLone and McLean reviewed the existing definitions of IS success and their corresponding measures, and classified them into six major categories. Therefore, they created a multidimensional measuring model with interdependencies between the different success categories DeLone and McLean (1992). Motivated by DeLone and McLeans call for further development and validation of their model, many researchers have attempted to extend or re-specify the original model. Ten years after the publication of their first model and based on the evaluation of the many contributions to it, DeLone and McLean (2004) proposed an updated IS Success model. â€Å"The updated model consists of six interrelated dimensions of IS Success: information, system and service quality, (intention to) use, user satisfaction, and net benefits. The arrows demonstrate proposed associations between the success dimensions.† (Jang, 2010) â€Å"The IS Success Model of DeLone and McLean (1992) provided a common framework to evaluate IS effectiveness/success in information system research. Between 1993 and mid 1999, the IS Success Model of DeLone and McLean was cited by 144 refereed journal articles and 15 papers from the International Conference on Information Systems (ICIS).† (Saha, 2008). DeLone and McLean (1992), prompted to develop a more integrated view of the concepts of success. This resulted in the IS Success Model (Figure.2), which is described as a â€Å"taxonomy of IS success measures† with a number of inter-relationships that are drawn together in a model of six major â€Å"dimensions or categories of IS Success† DeLone and McLeans IS Success Model (1992) have 6 domains, system quality, information quality, use, user satisfaction, individual impact, organization impact, so in Table.3 summary of measured items for the DeLone and McLean Model. An interpretation of the model is as follows: â€Å"System Quality and Information Quality singularly and jointly affect both Use and User Satisfaction†. Additionally, the amount of Use can affect the degree of User Satisfaction. Use and User Satisfaction are direct ante decent of Individual Impact, and this Impact on individual performance should eventually have some organization impact.† (DeLone and McLean, 1992) â€Å"The Updated DeLone and McLean information system success model(Figure.3) can be adapted to the measurement challenges of the new e-commerce world.† (Saha, 2008) This model is based on the updated DeLone and Mclean (2003) original success model. Important modifications to the initial model included: The quality construct of IS Success was extended to include Service Quality. The construct Systems Use was found to be multi-dimensional, e.g., mandatory versus voluntary use. As a result, Intention to Use was added to the model, to differentiate between Systems Use as a behavior as opposed to Intention to Use as an attitude. The constructs of Individual Impact and Organizational Impact were collapsed into a single dimension named Net Benefits. DeLone and McLean (2003). In addition to the improvements described above, the authors also suggest that the updated model provides â€Å"a parsimonious framework to organize the various success metrics identified in the IS and e-commerce literature† DeLone and McLean (2003) Source: Measuring E-commerce success: Applying the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model, 2004 DeLone and Mclean Information Systems Success Model can be used to the measurement challenges of the new e-commerce world. The updated model (Figure.5) consists of six interrelated dimensions of information systems success: System quality, Information quality, Service quality, Use, User satisfaction, Net Benefits. â€Å"The six dimensions of the DeLone and McLean IS Success Model can be applied to the e-commerce environment as follows: 1. System Quality, in the Internet environment, measures the desired characteristics of an e-commerce system. Usability, availability, reliability, adaptability, and response time (e.g., download time) are examples of qualities that are valued by users of an e-commerce system. 2. Information Quality captures the e-commerce content issue. Web content should be personalized, complete, relevant, easy to understand, and secure if prospective buyers or suppliers are to initiate transactions via the Internet and return to a site on a regular basis. 3. Service Quality, the overall support delivered by the service provider, applies regardless of whether the support is delivered by the IS Department or a new organizational unit or is outsourced to an Internet service provider. This dimension is more important in an e-commerce environment than ever before, because the users are now customers rather than employees, and therefore, poor user support will translate into lost customers and lost sales. 4. Usage, measures everything from a visit to Web site and navigation within the site to information retrieval and execution of a transaction 5. User Satisfaction is an important means of measuring customers opinions of an e-commerce system and should cover the entire customer experience cycle from information retrieval through purchase, payment, receipt, and service. 6. Net Benefits, are the most important measures, because they capture the balance of the positive and negative impacts of e-commerce on customers, suppliers, employees, organizations, markets, industries, economies, and even society as a whole.† (DeLone and McLean, 2004) â€Å"Finally, e-commerce studies should include net benefits measures and not be content to collect only surrogate measures, such as Web Site hits (i.e., use). Such benefits can be measured on at least four levels: individual, group, organizational, and industry. These measures become most useful, however, when fitted into an overall structure or framework a framework like the one provided by the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Models.† (DeLone and McLean,2004) Source: Measuring E-commerce success: Applying the DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success Model, 2004 2.7.2 Rational behind using DeLone and McLean Success E-commerce Model One of the objectives of this research paper is to identify the success factors of e-commerce. â€Å"A review of articles on e-commerce and electronic data interchange (EDI) in recent academic and trade journals (1992-2002) yielded many suggested measures of e-commerce success. IS and marketing journals were included in the search for e-commerce success metrics. Most of the articles were conceptual in nature, but some were empirical and, therefore, attempted to operationalize e-commerce success metrics.† (DeLone and McLean, 2004) 2.7.3 Current research of other researchers As one of the objectives of this research is to assess and investigate the enhancement factors of Kazakhstan e-commerce, this combination make the study unique, as previous research in this field just provide a quick look with no depth focus on the Kazakhstan E-commerce. There were some studies exploring the weakness and strength of the Kazakhstan E-commerce, and other studies independently investigate the critical factors in E-commerce best practices, however no one tried to measure using E-commerce Success model. Moreover some of the research paper using statistical analysis, according to Griffith (2007) â€Å"statistical analysis is like a sewer. What you get out of it largely depends on what you put into it. There are a few researches about the measurement of e-commerce success.† 2.7.3.1 Chang Liu, Kirk P. Arnett Model of E-commerce Web site success, 2000 â€Å"Websites are being widely deployed commercially. As the widespread use and dependency on Web technology increases, so does the need to access factors associated with the Website success. The objective is to explore these factors in the context of electronic commerce (EC).† (Liu, 2000) â€Å"Webmasters from Fortune 1000 companies were used as the target group for a survey. Four factors that are critical to Website success in EC were identified:

The Vietnam War Essay

The Vietnam War is a struggle with Vietnamese against itself. North Vietnam or the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam. wherein the Americans got involved erroneously and uprightly. ( see Wikipedia ) It is an attempt to unite Vietnam into a individual province. But so it is considered as false and dishonest theory. As per John Pilger. this war is an invasion of Vietnam’s fatherland and lives. ( see Global Issues ) It is by far the longest war in the century of America against North and South of Vietnam. The Vietnam struggle with America is included in the Second Indochina dated 1954-1975 that grew out from the long struggle between France and Vietnam. ( see Wikipedia ) It is widely reflected in history and media that America lost this war because of the guerrilla motion in Vietnam. ( see Global Issues ) It is besides believed that America lost this war due to the part of media that is against it. ( see Global Issues ) Actually. Vietnam approached US for aid in constructing a state from the Second Word War and chiefly from Gallic imperialism to accomplish control for South Vietnam. ( see Global Issues ) It is believed that US supported Vietnam’s independency and finding. But so. US turned down the aid that is why they turned to the other world power at that clip. the Soviet Union. ( see Global Issues ) Ho Chi Minh. communist leader. appealed to President Truman for aid because Vietnamese wanted to model their fundamental law with the American authorities. ( see Global Issues ) But America declined to back up their freedom and alternatively allied with the Gallic. Vietnam was so forced to turn to China and the Soviet Union. ( see Global Issues ) United States is believed to give support to South Vietnam. They deployed forces and US military advisors in 1956 to be responsible for developing the ground forces of South Vietnam. ( see Global Issues ) President Nixon intent was to beef up South Vietnam. US declined to back up North Vietnam due to their communist belief to which US is non partaking. They came to help the government in the South who were said to be attacked by the North Vietnamese. ( see Global Issues ) The resistance said that America truly lost the war. It is included in the unfavorable judgment of the media. There are two most influential beliefs on why America lost this war. First. media undermined the military and political attempt through media coverage. particularly on telecasting. in America. ( see Global Issues ) Second is that most of the journalists and broadcasters were against the war. It is on the whole of American media which resulted that war is a â€Å"failed campaign. † ( see Global Issues ) It has been reported that South Vietnamese had taken up weaponries to support their small towns and fatherland. The North Vietnam Government was non recognized by the United States and the ground why US declined to help because it is believe to be â€Å"improper† to admit such correspondence. ( see Global Issues ) During the war. it is believed that it was the clip where US dispatched its greatest of all time land ground forces and even offered the Gallic two atomic bombs to utilize anterior to its licking in 1954. ( see Global Issues ) They pursued military schemes designed for people to abandon places like use of chemicals. Millions of people were killed and maimed. some were Americans and the remainder are Vietnamese. The understanding to stop the war included $ 3. 25 billion of grant assistance for 5 old ages to which was ne'er paid. ( see Global Issues ) It is supposed to be for the postwar Reconstruction but Vietnam did non uncover all the captives of the war who were purportedly portion of the trade to assistance. ( see Global Issues ) This is a tragic issue for Americans who have been incognizant of the destiny of their loved 1s. ( see Global Issues ) The Vietnam struggle with the intercession of America is non truly a war between the two states. It is said that America lost this war. But America did non truly lose it because in the first topographic point. America was at that place to go an ally and merely to back up South Vietnamese for their battle against aggression from the North. Ineffectiveness is a more appropriate term. The manner that Americans implemented their policy is uneffective in this struggle. America’s chief end is to unify Vietnam into one province. ( see Global Issues ) America failed to accomplish that end. The struggle highlighted more on the Cold War ideological conflict. It reported and portrayed on the violent deaths and calamities that happened in the War. It focused more on the bad error. The good purposes were seldom questioned and carried out ill. The media made coverage of America in an highly nonreversible narrative. ( see Global Issues ) It resulted to inaccurate coverage because lone fragments were told. They chiefly focused on the nature of the war. The atrociousness of the war were erroneously branded and blundered. Americans are on the side of South Vietnam that opposed the aggression from the Communist. the North Vietnam. What truly happened in this war was â€Å"internal aggression. † ( see Global Issues ) Wherein they invaded and attacked their ain state and people. But so there were confusion on who truly were â€Å"allies† on this war. The non-communist South Vietnam was said to be invaded by the Communist. North Vietnam. ( see Global Issues ) United States hence came to the side of the â€Å"democratic† government in the South. But it was reported untrue. It is because Ho Chi Minh sent regular forces to help the American onslaughts. ( see Global Issues ) He was persuaded to direct regular ground forcess to back up the South in their resistance to American invasion. ( see Global Issues ) America lost the war in Vietnam. But 1000000s of estates of forest were destroyed through weedkillers poisoning. 1000000s of people were slaughtered. rice Fieldss were left with musca volitanss of bomb craters after â€Å"winning† its freedom. It is believed that in a war. no 1 truly win or lose. Though they achieved what they are contending for. they lose a great trade every bit good. Vietnam might hold the independency and freedom they wanted but it caused them a batch before they achieved it. In contrast. America is still one of the most powerful states in the universe. They still aid and back up other states. But what is the measuring of triumph? Is it shown in wealth or stuff ownerships? Or is it measured by power? Or accomplishing what we truly wanted though nil was left afterwards? Wining does non stop or accomplish from a certain period of clip. Victorious winning is seen on how you live after or if you were able to get by up with life after the conflict. Contending for what you desire and accomplishing it is a great wages for winning. On the procedure of accomplishing for these ends. you may lose some. but gain some every bit good. It truly doesn’t affair if Vietnam struggle is a Winnable War. What matters most is the lesson learned from this war. The experiences happened. whether good or bad. Making things better and trusting that none of this will go on once more in the hereafter. To be able to hold a peaceable universe that can merely be attained if we will non allow selfishness regulation over us. Most people believed that US lost the war. But Vietnam was destroyed to its nucleus where it could be a pool of hope for the following coevals and development option in Asia. If merely programs were made and done efficaciously. things might hold been different or it could be better than what happened. Mentions: Shah. Anup ( 29 December 2002 ) . Media Propaganda and Vietnam. Retrieved October 15. 2006. from War. Propaganda and the Media Website: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. globalissues. org/HumanRights/Media/Propaganda/Vietnam. asp # ThemedialostthewarforAmerica Vietnam War Retrieved October 15. 2006. from Wikipedia Website: hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Vietnam_war # Richard_Nixon_and_Vietnam_ . 281969. E2. 80. 931974. 29

“Antigone” Character Role Analysis

A famous tragedy â€Å"Antigone†, completed by Sophocles, is one of the three Theban plays. A piece of Greek mythology was created in 441 BC. Talking about the characters of the play, the foremost attention should be paid to protagonist and antagonist of the â€Å"Antigone†. The protagonist: Antigone The most likely candidate to be the protagonist of the â€Å"Antigone† is †¦ Antigone. To my mind, there is a lot to discuss when it comes to Antigone. Of course, Creon is the one who spends more time on the stage, which makes you think he’s the protagonist. The brightest situation for the King as protagonist is the fact that he’s the one, who is faced with the concepts of anagnorisis and peripeteia created by Aristotle. These very elements were an integral part of a tragic hero’s destiny. What is peripeteia? Usually known as a fortune reversal, peripeteia is the part of Creon’s lifelines. Because of the tragic events that are described by the author, Creon (from the brightest example of pride) turns into a puddle of humility. Creon’s downfall leads him to anagnorisis – The King of Thebes regrets his pride. On the other hand, Antigone is fully aware of her destiny from the very beginning of the story and she never lets herself regret anything in her life. In other words, there are many points to support Creon as protagonist, but nonetheless, Antigone is there too. Creon’s niece is the one who keeps the action of the story. Antigone sets the tragedy of Sophocles into motion. Despite Creon’s edict, Antigone is the one, who buries Polyneices. And finally it is her suicide that makes her beloved one, Haemon, to commit suicide. This, in turn, is the cause behind the Creon’s wife death. Besides, it is obvious that we are most likely to sympathize Antigone till the last page of the play, not the King. Of course, there is a platform for friendly debates over the protagonist of the play, but everyone should agree that Antigone is the cause of the storm. The antagonist: Creon Taking into consideration the fact that Antigone is the protagonist of the play, Creon is claimed to play the antagonist role. He represents the force Antigone is in opposition to. As it was said before, there are some facts that put him into the protagonist shoes. There’s a range of good supportive points for this fact, but the best one is that the King of Thebes is the one, who can boast of having the moments of both – anagnorisis and peripeteia. However, I would like to point out that it is Antigone (not Creon!), who shakes the whole nation by breaking the law set by the King. She is the character, who drives an action while the Kind of Thebes is there just to react. Creon is exerting every effort in order to rebuff his niece’s forward motion, but he never tried to create his own. To my personal opinion, this is what actually puts him to the antagonist shelf. But once again – there’s certainly an open room for the discussion. This was an example of an Antigone essay, written by the writers of our custom writing service. To buy an essay on the necessary topic, please, fill in the Free Inquiry form in the top right corner of this page.